(1)
Terrigenous - quartz,
feldspar, rock fragments, clay minerals, heavy minerals.
*
provenance - source rock composition 반영 → kyanite, staurolite (변성암기원)
tectonic terranes 추정(Ingersoll : 1983) → Great Valley Basin
연구로 잘 알려짐
Potassium feldspar → granite 기원
(2)
Chemical and miscellaneous sediment
-
biogenic - micrite, skeletal - aragonite, calcite, high-Mg calcite
-
pyroclastic - tephra (화산분출 모든물질)
==
physico-chemical - evaporites, chert(volcanic-origin), zeolite.
phosphates,
non-skeletal carbonates.
-
pellet - sand-sized aggregates
-
ooids - medium-coars sand sized, shallow - intertidal 환경
-
phosphates - replacement of carbonate particles
-
chert - microcrystalline, cavity-filling (fibroradiating) chert
-
zeolite - hydrous aluminosilicates. volcanic origin
-
Fe-rich sediments - banded, cherty Precambrian formations.
(3)
Cementation - silica, carbonate
Silica
: deep diagenesis : microcrystalline chert, fibrous chert(chalcedony) hydrous form(opal),
overgrowth
Carbonate
: CaCO3, provided by ground water
Siderite (FeCO3)
Iron
Oxide (hematite)
**
Volcaniclastic
- 화산기원 모든 sediments
Pyroclasitc
- 특별히 화산폭발에 의해 직접 분출 생성된 물질만을 지칭
|
64
mm
|
bomb(blocks)
|
volcanic breccia,
agglomerate |
|
lapilli
|
lapilli - stone |
|
2
mm |
|
ash
|
tuff -vitric
-lithic
-crystal |
|
0.06
mm |
|
dust |
*
accretionery lapilli → 성장력
Volcaniclastic
의 3 types deposits
①
pyroclastic - fall deposits → air fall, block, bomb
②
volcaniclastic flow deposits → ignimbites (fludized ash flow)
base-surge deposits (ash-laden steam flow)
lahar deposits - mud flow
③
hyaloclastite → fragmented and granulated lava through water-contact (수성기원
응회암)
: 수중분출, 빙하주변 용암 분출 시 생성
(4)
Classification
Folk's
classification - sandstone
Mudrock
Carbonate
- Dunham's : mudstone → wackestone → packstone
→ grainstone → boundstone
10%〉mud-supported
10%〈 grain-supported no mud
-
Folk's : - allochem → intraclast
Ooid
fossil
pellet
- orthochem - micrite, sparite(cement)
- reef rock
